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What is the proper syntax for the .gitignore file to ignore files in a directory? .gitignore文件忽略目录中文件的正确语法是什么？
Would it be 可不可能是
config/databases.ymlcache/*log/*data/sql/*lib/filter/base/*lib/form/base/*lib/model/map/*lib/model/om/*
or 要么
/config/databases.yml/cache/*/log/*/data/sql/*/lib/filter/base/*/lib/form/base/*/lib/model/map/*/lib/model/om/*
? ？
参考：
If you want to put a .gitignore file at the top level and make it work for any folder below it use /**/ . 如果要将.gitignore文件放在顶层并使其适用于下面的任何文件夹，请使用/**/ 。
Eg to ignore all *.map files in a /src/main/ folder and sub-folders use: 例如，要忽略/src/main/文件夹和子文件夹中的所有*.map文件，请使用：
/src/main/**/*.map
I'm maintaining a GUI and CLI based service that allows you to generate .gitignore templates very easily at . 我正在维护基于GUI和CLI的服务，允许您在轻松生成.gitignore模板。
You can either type the templates you want in the search field or install the command line alias and run 您可以在搜索字段中键入所需的模板，也可以安装命令行别名并运行
$ gi swift,osx
Both examples in the question are actually very bad examples that can lead to data loss! 问题中的两个例子实际上是非常糟糕的例子，可能导致数据丢失！
My advice: never append /* to directories in .gitignore files, unless you have a good reason! 我的建议：永远不要将/*附加到.gitignore文件中的目录，除非你有充分的理由！
A good reason would be for example what Jefromi wrote: "if you intend to subsequently un-ignore something in the directory" . 一个很好的理由是例如Jefromi写的： “如果你打算随后忽略目录中的某些东西” 。
The reason why it otherwise shouldn't be done is that appending /* to directories does on the one hand work in the manner that it properly ignores all contents of the directory, but on the other hand it has a dangerous side effect: 不应该这样做的原因是，对目录的附加/*一方面以正确忽略目录的所有内容的方式工作，但另一方面它具有危险的副作用：
If you execute git stash -u (to temporarily stash tracked and untracked files) or git clean -df (to delete untracked but keep ignored files) in your repository, all directories that are ignored with an appended /* will be irreversibly deleted ! 如果在git stash -u执行git stash -u （暂时存储已跟踪和未跟踪的文件）或git clean -df （删除未跟踪但保留被忽略的文件），则所有被忽略并附加/*将被不可逆转地删除 ！
I had to learn this the hard way. 我必须以艰难的方式学习这一点。 Somebody in my team was appending /* to some directories in our .gitignore. 我团队中的某个人正在将/*附加到我们的.gitignore中的某些目录中。 Over the time I had occasions where certain directories would suddenly disappear. 随着时间的推移，某些目录会突然消失。 Directories with gigabytes of local data needed by our application. 我们的应用程序需要具有千兆字节本地数据的目录。 Nobody could explain it and I always hat to re-download all data. 没有人可以解释它，我总是重新下载所有数据。 After a while I got a notion that it might have to do with git stash . 过了一会儿，我得到了一个可能与git stash的想法。 One day I wanted to clean my local repo (while keeping ignored files) and I was using git clean -df and again my data was gone. 有一天，我想清理我的本地git clean -df （同时保持被忽略的文件），我正在使用git clean -df ，我的数据又消失了。 This time I had enough and investigated the issue. 这次我受够了并调查了这个问题。 I finally figured that the reason is the appended /* . 我终于想通了原因是附加了/* 。
I assume it can be explained somehow by the fact that directory/* does ignore all contents of the directory but not the directory itself. 我假设它可以通过某种方式解释，即directory/*确实忽略了目录的所有内容而不是目录本身。 Thus it's neither considered tracked nor ignored when things get deleted. 因此，当事情被删除时，它既不被视为被跟踪也不被忽略。 Even though git status and git status --ignored give a slightly different picture on it. 即使git status和git status --ignored也会给出一个略有不同的图片。
Here is how to reproduce the behaviour. 以下是如何重现行为。 I'm currently using Git 2.8.4. 我目前正在使用Git 2.8.4。
A directory called localdata/ with a dummy file in it ( important.dat ) will be created in a local git repository and the contents will be ignored by putting /localdata/* into the .gitignore file. 将在本地git存储库中创建名为localdata/且其中包含虚拟文件的目录（ important.dat ），并将/localdata/*放入.gitignore文件中以忽略内容。 When one of the two mentioned git commands is executed now, the directory will be (unexpectedly) lost. 当现在执行两个提到的git命令之一时，该目录将（意外地）丢失。
mkdir testcd testgit initecho "/localdata/*" >.gitignoregit add .gitignoregit commit -m "Add .gitignore."mkdir localdataecho "Important data" >localdata/important.dattouch untracked-file
If you do a git status --ignored here, you'll get: 如果你做一个git status --ignored在这里git status --ignored ，你会得到：
On branch masterUntracked files: (use "git add..." to include in what will be committed) untracked-fileIgnored files: (use "git add -f ..." to include in what will be committed) localdata/
Now either do 现在要么做
git stash -ugit stash pop
or 要么
git clean -df
In both cases the allegedly ignored directory localdata will be gone! 在这两种情况下，据称被忽略的目录localdata都将消失！
Not sure if this can be considered a bug, but I guess it's at least a feature that nobody needs. 不确定这是否可以被视为一个错误，但我想这至少是一个没人需要的功能。
I'll report that to the git development list and see what they think about it. 我将把它报告给git开发列表，看看他们对它的看法。
A sample .gitignore file can look like one below for a Android Studio project 对于Android Studio项目，示例.gitignore文件可能如下所示
# built application files*.apk*.ap_# files for the dex VM*.dex# Java class files*.class# generated filesbin/gen/# Local configuration file (sdk path, etc)local.properties#Eclipse*.pydevproject.project.metadatabin/**tmp/**tmp/**/**.tmp*.bak*.swp*~.niblocal.properties.classpath.settings/.loadpathYourProjetcName/.gradle/YourProjetcName/app/build/*/YourProjetcName/.gradle/*/YourProjetcName/app/build/# External tool builders.externalToolBuilders/# Locally stored "Eclipse launch configurations"*.launch# CDT-specific.cproject# PDT-specific.buildpath# Proguard folder generated by Eclipseproguard/# Intellij project files*.iml*.ipr*.iws.idea//buildbuild/*/build/*/*/build/*/*/*/build/*.bin*.lockYourProjetcName/app/build/.gradle/local.properties/.idea/workspace.xml/.idea/libraries.DS_Store.gradle/app/build/*app/build/# Local configuration file (sdk path, etc)local.properties/YourProjetcName/build/intermediates/lint-cache/api-versions-6-23.1.binappcompat_v7_23_1_1.xmlprojectFilesBackupbuild.gradleYourProjetcName.imlYourProjetcName.imlgradlewgradlew.batlocal.propertiessettings.gradle.gradle.ideaandroidbuildgradle
The first one. 第一个。 Those file paths are relative from where your .gitignore file is. 这些文件路径与.gitignore文件的位置相对。
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